According to the National Library of Medicine, most studies examining universal free school meals, including free lunches, found positive links with diet quality, food security and academic performance. (Adobe Stock)

House floor votes are expected early this week for a North Dakota bill that would expand free school meals to all students, regardless of their family’s income.

Nearly 10 other states have adopted so-called “universal meal” programs. North Dakota lawmakers debated the idea last session but only approved a limited expansion.

The bill to cover all K-12 students was revived this year, and it’s been making its way through committees.

Backers say it helps households who earn too much to qualify under existing rules but still struggle to cover food costs for their kids.

State Rep. Zac Ista – D-Grand Forks – said it can almost be considered a tax break.

“The average family,” said Ista, “pays up to $850 a year in school meals per student.”

Legislative researchers in other states have cited that number. Supporters say this approach removes stigma and helps students learn and stay attentive.

Some lawmakers, lukewarm to the idea, say the Legislature is already prioritizing property tax relief to help families. But Ista said the one in three North Dakotans who are renters could be left behind.

The federal government funds free and reduced school meals, and states with universal programs pick up the remaining tab.

The North Dakota plan would cost $140 million over the next two years, and Ista said that figure is meant to absorb any “higher than anticipated” costs.

That side effect has surfaced in other states with full expansion.

“We want to make sure we’re not underestimating,” said Ista, “then have to come back and say, ‘We fell short.'”

Ista said data on the 2023 eligibility expansion show they reached the extra number of students they planned for. He added that the costs were not as high as predicted.

The bill has bipartisan support, but Ista said they’re still trying to lock down enough yes votes to get it through the House and advance it to the Senate.